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About Whitehaven - show infohide info
Whitehaven is a town in the county of Cumbria. The town has a population of approximately 27,000. Whitehaven was largely the creation of the Lowther Family, who owned much of the land in the region. During the 18th and 19th centuries, Whitehaven became heavily involved with coal mining, and had a port that was only bettered by Newcastle and Sunderland for coal export volume. However, the towns fortunes waned rapidly when shipping volumed increased to a level the port couldn't handle, and so Whitehaven lost out to ports such as Bristol and Liverpool. The prosperity of Whitehaven peaked at the beginning of the 19th century, when haematite was found nearby. Haematite was important in steel production, which used the Bessemer process. However, the development of the open hearth process eliminated the need for haematite, and so once again the fortunes of Whitehaven declined. The inter-war period was a period of severe decline for the town, excaberated by Irish Independence, which placed trade tariffs on exports to Ireland. Whitehaven was the home of the first ever coal mine to be built under the sea, when Saltom Pit was sunk in 1729. Whitehaven had some of the deepest mines in the UK as a result of the need dig ever deeper to find seams of coal. The towns 'Stone Pit' was also home to one of the worlds first steam engines, which was used to drain the pit. Many in the town are now employed at the Sellafield Nuclear facility, involved in the production of nuclear fuels, and of electricity in its power station. There is also a visitors centre, which houses Europe's first immersion cinema. As a result of the port, Whitehaven was once a major railway terminus for the Furness Railway, and the docks had railway lines running all over the complex. Today, little remains other than the two stations on the Cumbrian Coast line between Barrow and Carlisle. The town no longer sees much freight, though nuclear flasks from nearby Sellafield pass through on the journey north. As well as freight, the line sees services between Barrow-in-Furness and Carlisle, as well as less frequent services to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston via Barrow-in-Furness. Nearby towns to Whitehaven include Workington, Maryport, Seaton, Aspatria, Seascale, Egremont, Cockermouth, Ravenglass and Keswick.
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