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Newcastle Upon Tyne Overseas Development
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About Newcastle Upon Tyne - show infohide info
Newcastle-upon-Tyne is a large city in the north east of England. It lies on the River Tyne, and the city has a population of 259,000. People from Newcastle are known as Novocastrians, though are generally referred to as Geordies instead. Newcastle was founded by the Roman Emperor Hadrian, whose wall can still be seen in areas of the town. When the Romans left Newcastle, it became a part of the important Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria. Throughout this period, the city was known as Monkchester. Pilgrims travelled to the City to visit the Holy Well of Jesus' Mount, in what is now Jesmond. One of Newcastle's biggest modern shopping streets, Pilgrim Street, is so-called because of the popularity of the well. After a series of conflicts with the Danes, Monkchester was left devastated. However, because of its strategic position, a wooden castle was erected in 1080 and the town was henceforth known as Novum Castellum or Newcastle. Throughout the middle ages, Newcastle was England's northern fortress, and an important stronghold at the border with Scotland, and Newcastle was successfully defended against invasion by the Scots three times during the 14th century. King Charles bestowed the coal rights of north-east England upon Newcastle, and the city thrived on the monopoly, in the process creating a fierce rivalry between Newcastle and Sunderland, which remains to this day. Newcastles wealth today is largely thanks to the coal industry, though throughout the 1980s and 1990s undemployment was high in the town as coal production ceased. Since then, the town has undergone a rennaisance as tourists have flocked to the city. Attractions in the city include Jesmond Dene, the Tyne Bridges and Gateshead Millenium Bridge, Byker Wall and Chinatown. Newcastle is very cosmopolitan, and a popular destination for weekend breaks in the UK. It is consistently featured as one of the top ten party cities in the world, and is popular for stag and hen parties. Pubs, bars, nightclubs and restaurants are clustered mainly around the Quayside and Central Station areas, though there are plenty of alternatives elsewhere in the city. Newcastle lies on the East Coast Main Line, and is served by trains between London and Edinburgh, as well as plenty of Virgin Cross Country services to the south-west and Scotland. Additionally, local services operate to destinations including Carlisle, the Gateshead Metro Centre, Middlesbrough, Morpeth and Hexham. Newcastle has a Metro system, the Tyne-and-Wear Metro, largely built on former railway lines in the area, and extends to Newcastle Airport, Sunderland and Tynemouth. The city is also served by an airport, which sees services to destinations including Paris, Amsterdam, Copenhagen, Belfast, Malta, Barcelona, Belfast, Alicante, Malaga, London, Geneva, Berlin, Nice, and Rome. Nearby towns to Newcastle-upon-Tyne include Southend, Tynemouth, North Shields, South Shields, Gateshead, Chester-le-Street, Washington, Jarrow, Gosforth, Wallsend, Longbenton and Consett.
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